Minerals mainly include potassium salt, tin, lignite, oil shale, natural gas, as well as zinc, lead, tungsten, iron, tadpoles, chromium, heavy spar, gems and oil. Among them, potassium salt reserves are 43.67 million tons, ranking among the forefront of the world (the first is Canada), and tin reserves are about 1.2 million tons, accounting for 12%of the world's total reserves. Oil shale reserves reached 1.87 million tons, lignite reserves were about 2 billion tons, natural gas reserves were about 16.4 trillion cubic feet, and oil reserves were 15 million tons. The total area of the forest was 14.4 million hectares, with a coverage rate of 25%. Birds are recorded in the wild in Thailand. A total of 982 birds exist. Three of them are unique, one introduced by humans, and 45 rare or rare. The seven species are not included in the above numbers in Thailand, and another 49 are global threatening bird species. The species in the table below are based on the order of Clements (2000); the exceptions will be pointed out; the species listed in the table come from Robson (2004), and the situation in Thailand refers to the reference of Lekagul and Round (1991). The species that do not point out the situation is a bird or a non -rare incomplete bird. According to 1991 estimates, there are 159 types of birds in Thailand; 23 kinds of migratory birds that are threatened or easily threatened. These threats mainly come from forest cutting, illegal logging, poaching, and resolving habitat (especially in lowlands). Essence The most affected species of these species are large waterbirds and forest bird species. The former wetland habitat is greatly reduced by agriculture. The latter's forests disappear or degenerate into forest land due to agriculture destroying forests. Prices have standard fixed prices in department stores, and they need to bargain in most other places. Under normal circumstances, your final transaction price can be 10-40%lower than the original opening price. It mainly depends on your skills and the mood of the owner. But remember that the Thais appreciate a good manner and humor. As long as you have patience and cheerful smiles, you can not only get better prices, but also enjoy shopping as an art. Industrial export -oriented industry. The main categories are: mining, textile, electronics, plastic, food processing, toys, car assembly, building materials, petrochemicals, software, tires, furniture, etc. The proportion of industries in GDP has continued to rise. In 2006, the manufacturing production index increased by 7.4%, commercial transportation machinery and equipment increased by 5.0%, the textile industry increased by 2.5%, and the building materials industry, food processing industry, and rubber industry also increased to different extent. Agriculture and agriculture are traditional Thailand, with a population of about 15.3 million agricultural population. The nationwide arable land area is about 140 million Lai (1 Lai = 1600 square meters), accounting for 41%of the land area. The main crops include rice, corn, caramel, rubber, sugar cane, mung beans, hemp, tobacco, coffee beans, cotton, palm oil, coconut, etc. In 2006, Thailand exported rice was 7.4 million tons, a year -on -year decrease of 0.8%, and the export volume was 97.6 billion baht (about 2.5 billion US dollars), an increase of 5%year -on -year. The production of cassava, rubber, and sugar cane has increased to varying degrees, an increase of 55.1%, 3%, and 25.9%year -on -year. In 2006, farmers' income increased significantly, an increase of 30.3%year -on -year. The waters of fishery are vast, with 2,705 kilometers of coastline. The Bay and Andaman Bay are unique natural marine fishing grounds. In addition, there is a freshwater farm with a total area of more than 1,100 square kilometers. Bangkok, Songka, Phuket and other places are important fishery centers and fishing products. Thailand is one of the main fish products supply countries in the world, and it is also the third largest marine fishery country in Asia after Japan and China. About 500,000 people are engaged in fisheries. The service industry's tourism industry maintains a stable development momentum and is one of the important sources of foreign exchange income. The main tourist spots are Bangkok, Phuket, Chiang Mai, and Pataya. In recent years, Qinglai, Huaxin, Sume Island and other places have also been welcomed by tourists at home and abroad. In 2006, the tourism industry was gradually eliminated by the Indian Ocean tsunami. Foreign tourists increased by 20%year -on -year, totaling 13.8 million people, of which East Asian tourists accounted for 55.2%, and Europe and the United States accounted for 25.3%and 6.7%, respectively. The hotel occupancy rate throughout the year is 63%. Tourism revenue was 470.6 billion baht (about $ 12.4 billion). The real estate industry in 2006 starts from 835,95 land trading, and the transaction value is 617.93 billion baht. The new batch of urban construction land was 1.957 million square meters, a year -on -year decrease of 0.3%. The telecommunications industry has maintained a stable development in recent years. In 2006, there were 42,000 newly fixed telephone users and 41 million mobile phone users, with a year -on -year increase of 0.6%and 28.2%, respectively. Transportation is mainly highway and aviation transportation. The main circumstances in recent years are as follows: Railway: Mainly narrow rails. The total length is 4451 kilometers, and a total of 47 provinces across the country. Highway: A total of 160,000 kilometers of the road mileage. Each government and counties have highways connected, all directions. In 2006, 24.807 million registered motor vehicles were registered in the country. The Kunman Highway, which is currently under construction, starts in Kunming, China, ends in Bangkok, Thailand, with a total length of more than 1,800 kilometers. It is an international channel for accelerated construction in China and Southeast Asian countries. Water Transport: Mekong River and Chao Phraya River are the two major waterway transportation lines in Thailand; there are 47 ports in the country, including 26 bays and 21 international ports. Bangkok is the most important port. Essence Important terminals include Lianchabang Port, Songka Deepwater Port, and Phuket Deepwater Port. The sea transport line can reach China, Japan, the United States, Europe, and Singapore. Air Transport: There are 37 airports nationwide, including 8 international airports. Bangkok Langman International Airport is an important air transportation hub in Southeast Asia. Bangkok's second international airport -Suwannap International Airport has been put into use. A total of 53 countries have 80 airlines with fixed routes in Thailand. 89 international routes can reach more than 40 cities in Europe, the United States, Asia, Asia, and Oceania. Domestic routes are located in 21 large and medium cities across the country. Financial and finance implements a balanced budget policy. The 2006 fiscal budget expenditure was 1360 billion baht, with revenue of 1339.4 billion baht. In recent years, the actual fiscal revenue and expenditure is below (unit: 100 million baht): year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 income 7481 7654 8454 10681 11176 12668 13394 expenditure 8505 8760 9722 10999 11093 12500 13600 differences 168-206 (Source: National Bank of Thailand) Foreign trade and foreign trade have an important position in the national economy. In 2006, the foreign trade volume was US $ 254.2 billion, of which 128.2 billion US dollars were exported, and imports were US $ 126 billion, an increase of 17.4%and 7%, respectively. The United States, the European Union, Japan, ASEAN, etc. are important Thai trading partners.主要出口产品有：汽车及零配件、电脑及零配件、集成电路板、电器、初级塑料、化学制品、石化产品、珠宝首饰、成衣、鞋、橡胶、家具、海产品加工及罐头、大米、木薯Wait. In 2006, the exports of jewelry agricultural products, seafood, industrial products, and high -tech products increased by 30.3%, 13.5%, 16.4%, and 18%, respectively. The main import products are: electromechanical products and spare parts, industrial machinery, electronic industry parts, automotive parts, building materials, crude oil, papermaking machinery, steel, integrated circuit board, chemical products, computer equipment and parts, household appliances, jewelry, jewelry, jewelry, jewelry, jewelry Gold jewelry, metal products, feed, fruits and vegetables. In 2005, raw materials, automobiles and parts, and crude oil imports increased by 5.1%, 6.4%, and 17.6%, respectively. (Source: National Bank of Thailand) Investment in foreign investment is mainly invested in the United States, ASEAN, Mainland China and Taiwan. Thailand's investment in China has developed a lot in recent years. According to incomplete statistics, as of the end of 2006, I approved a total of US $ 2.97 billion in actual investment. The main companies invested in China are: Zhengda Group, Siamese Machinery Group, Pangu Bank, etc. Foreign investment has implemented an open market economy policy since 1961, and has adopted a series of preferential policies to encourage foreign investors to invest in Thailand. From 1987 to 1990, it was a peak of foreign investment in foreign countries. In 1997, Thailand suffered a serious financial crisis, and foreign investment dropped sharply. Since then, the Thai government has increased investment, continuously strengthened infrastructure construction, improved legislation, and created a good environment to attract foreign investment. According to preliminary statistics, the net direct investment in Thailand in 2006 was 307.7 billion baht (about 9.45 billion U.S. dollars). According to statistics from the Thai Investment Promotion Committee (BOI), from 1993 to 2006, according to the investment in Thailand, the top 5 are: Japan, the European Union, the United States, Taiwan, Hong Kong, China. The main investment areas are metal processing and machinery manufacturing. In the 1980s and 1990s of the people's life income, the people's life revenue continued to grow rapidly, and the people's living standards increased accordingly. The minimum wages and salary of workers were raised many times. Resident education, health, and social welfare continued to improve. After the financial crisis in 1997, the per capita national income fell. The economy gradually recovered in 1999, and the people's living standards increased again. In 2006, the per capita national product was 11,7362 baht (about $ 3094). The festival in the festival has the Songgan Festival, also known as the Songkui Festival (April 13-15, the largest festival in Thailand is the New Year of the Thailand, and the large-scale splashing water splashing activities will be started on the 15th). It is favored by tourists), Chiang Mai Flower Festival (February 4-6 on February 4-6), Wanfo Festival (March 15th), release festival (February), Elephant Festival (elephant festival (Elephant festival (February) In the third weekend of November, the northeast small town vegetarian), the water lantern festival (December 15th, the young men and women talk about love festivals) Farming Festival: It is an important festival in Thailand. Wangjia Tian Square next to Bangkok's Palace was held. The farming festival ceremony began in the 13th century's Su Ketai dynasty. Ghost Festival: The Ghost Festival in Thailand is held in Lifu every year in mid -June. It is very valued by the local people. It mainly prays to the wind and the wind is smooth. Edit this paragraph of military in the middle of the 19th century imitated the establishment of land and navy in the West, and the Air Force in 1915. The Constitution stipulates that the king Thai soldiers are the highest commanders of the armed forces. The National Security Council is the highest national defense decision -making agency, belonging to the cabinet, and the prime minister as chairman. The Ministry of National Defense is the highest military administrative organ and is responsible for formulating and implementing national defense policies and plans. The National Defense Commission is the highest national defense consulting agency, which is affiliated to the Ministry of National Defense and the Minister of Defense as chairman. The Supreme Command is the Supreme Command of the Army, and there are three military commands of the land, sea, and air, and directly command and coordinate the three armies. Currently the highest commander of the armed forces Gen.BoonsRang. Army Commander GEN.SONTHI. General Adm.satirapan Keyaono. Commander of the Air Force, General ACM.Chalit PUKPASUK. Police Acting Commander, the Police Police Pol.Gen. The compulsory military service system is implemented, and the service period is two years. The total strength of the three armies was about 370,000, and 50,000 were reserve. Among them, there are 243,000 arms, divided into four military regions, under the jurisdiction of 7 infantry divisions, 2 armored divisions, 2 special war divisions, 2 artillery divisions, including a total of 18 divisions. Team), compiled as a combat fleet, 1 Marine Corps Command, 5 Naval Bases, with the only helicopter aircraft carrier in Southeast Asia; 47,100 Air Force, compiled into 4 aircraft divisions, 11 flight brigades; Four infantry divisions. There are also 187,000 policemen. Edit this paragraph of cultural education and education implements a 9 -year compulsory education. Education in primary and secondary schools is 12 years, that is, 6 years of elementary school, 3 years in junior high school, and 3 years in high school. The secondary college vocational school is 3 years, universities are generally 4 years, and medical universities are 5 years. Famous colleges and universities include: Julalonggong University, Faqi University, Agricultural University, Chiang Mai University, Kongjing University, Song Kanacine University, Maricin University, Shinakarine Wwelo University, Yisancang University University , Boren University and Asian Institute of Technology. In addition, there are open universities such as Langganheng University and Su Ketai University. The development of Thai education can be divided into three historical periods: ① 1253 ~ 1868, for the absolute rule of Buddhist temple education. ② From 1868 to 1932, it was a period of spreading the western bourgeois education. ③ From 1932 to early 1980s. In 1932, a bourgeois democratic revolution occurred in Thailand, and a series of educational reforms were implemented, and education entered a new period of development.
Minerals mainly include potassium salt, tin, lignite, oil shale, natural gas, as well as zinc, lead, tungsten, iron, tadpoles, chromium, heavy spar, gems and oil. Among them, potassium salt reserves are 43.67 million tons, ranking among the forefront of the world (the first is Canada), and tin reserves are about 1.2 million tons, accounting for 12%of the world's total reserves. Oil shale reserves reached 1.87 million tons, lignite reserves were about 2 billion tons, natural gas reserves were about 16.4 trillion cubic feet, and oil reserves were 15 million tons. The total area of the forest was 14.4 million hectares, with a coverage rate of 25%. Birds are recorded in the wild in Thailand. A total of 982 birds exist. Three of them are unique, one introduced by humans, and 45 rare or rare. The seven species are not included in the above numbers in Thailand, and another 49 are global threatening bird species. The species in the table below are based on the order of Clements (2000); the exceptions will be pointed out; the species listed in the table come from Robson (2004), and the situation in Thailand refers to the reference of Lekagul and Round (1991). The species that do not point out the situation is a bird or a non -rare incomplete bird. According to 1991 estimates, there are 159 types of birds in Thailand; 23 kinds of migratory birds that are threatened or easily threatened. These threats mainly come from forest cutting, illegal logging, poaching, and resolving habitat (especially in lowlands). Essence The most affected species of these species are large waterbirds and forest bird species. The former wetland habitat is greatly reduced by agriculture. The latter's forests disappear or degenerate into forest land due to agriculture destroying forests. Prices have standard fixed prices in department stores, and they need to bargain in most other places. Under normal circumstances, your final transaction price can be 10-40%lower than the original opening price. It mainly depends on your skills and the mood of the owner. But remember that the Thais appreciate a good manner and humor. As long as you have patience and cheerful smiles, you can not only get better prices, but also enjoy shopping as an art. Industrial export -oriented industry. The main categories are: mining, textile, electronics, plastic, food processing, toys, car assembly, building materials, petrochemicals, software, tires, furniture, etc. The proportion of industries in GDP has continued to rise. In 2006, the manufacturing production index increased by 7.4%, commercial transportation machinery and equipment increased by 5.0%, the textile industry increased by 2.5%, and the building materials industry, food processing industry, and rubber industry also increased to different extent. Agriculture and agriculture are traditional Thailand, with a population of about 15.3 million agricultural population. The nationwide arable land area is about 140 million Lai (1 Lai = 1600 square meters), accounting for 41%of the land area. The main crops include rice, corn, caramel, rubber, sugar cane, mung beans, hemp, tobacco, coffee beans, cotton, palm oil, coconut, etc. In 2006, Thailand exported rice was 7.4 million tons, a year -on -year decrease of 0.8%, and the export volume was 97.6 billion baht (about 2.5 billion US dollars), an increase of 5%year -on -year. The production of cassava, rubber, and sugar cane has increased to varying degrees, an increase of 55.1%, 3%, and 25.9%year -on -year. In 2006, farmers' income increased significantly, an increase of 30.3%year -on -year. The waters of fishery are vast, with 2,705 kilometers of coastline. The Bay and Andaman Bay are unique natural marine fishing grounds. In addition, there is a freshwater farm with a total area of more than 1,100 square kilometers. Bangkok, Songka, Phuket and other places are important fishery centers and fishing products. Thailand is one of the main fish products supply countries in the world, and it is also the third largest marine fishery country in Asia after Japan and China. About 500,000 people are engaged in fisheries. The service industry's tourism industry maintains a stable development momentum and is one of the important sources of foreign exchange income. The main tourist spots are Bangkok, Phuket, Chiang Mai, and Pataya. In recent years, Qinglai, Huaxin, Sume Island and other places have also been welcomed by tourists at home and abroad. In 2006, the tourism industry was gradually eliminated by the Indian Ocean tsunami. Foreign tourists increased by 20%year -on -year, totaling 13.8 million people, of which East Asian tourists accounted for 55.2%, and Europe and the United States accounted for 25.3%and 6.7%, respectively. The hotel occupancy rate throughout the year is 63%. Tourism revenue was 470.6 billion baht (about $ 12.4 billion). The real estate industry in 2006 starts from 835,95 land trading, and the transaction value is 617.93 billion baht. The new batch of urban construction land was 1.957 million square meters, a year -on -year decrease of 0.3%. The telecommunications industry has maintained a stable development in recent years. In 2006, there were 42,000 newly fixed telephone users and 41 million mobile phone users, with a year -on -year increase of 0.6%and 28.2%, respectively. Transportation is mainly highway and aviation transportation. The main circumstances in recent years are as follows: Railway: Mainly narrow rails. The total length is 4451 kilometers, and a total of 47 provinces across the country. Highway: A total of 160,000 kilometers of the road mileage. Each government and counties have highways connected, all directions. In 2006, 24.807 million registered motor vehicles were registered in the country. The Kunman Highway, which is currently under construction, starts in Kunming, China, ends in Bangkok, Thailand, with a total length of more than 1,800 kilometers. It is an international channel for accelerated construction in China and Southeast Asian countries. Water Transport: Mekong River and Chao Phraya River are the two major waterway transportation lines in Thailand; there are 47 ports in the country, including 26 bays and 21 international ports. Bangkok is the most important port. Essence Important terminals include Lianchabang Port, Songka Deepwater Port, and Phuket Deepwater Port. The sea transport line can reach China, Japan, the United States, Europe, and Singapore. Air Transport: There are 37 airports nationwide, including 8 international airports. Bangkok Langman International Airport is an important air transportation hub in Southeast Asia. Bangkok's second international airport -Suwannap International Airport has been put into use. A total of 53 countries have 80 airlines with fixed routes in Thailand. 89 international routes can reach more than 40 cities in Europe, the United States, Asia, Asia, and Oceania. Domestic routes are located in 21 large and medium cities across the country. Financial and finance implements a balanced budget policy. The 2006 fiscal budget expenditure was 1360 billion baht, with revenue of 1339.4 billion baht. In recent years, the actual fiscal revenue and expenditure is below (unit: 100 million baht): year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 income 7481 7654 8454 10681 11176 12668 13394 expenditure 8505 8760 9722 10999 11093 12500 13600 differences 168-206 (Source: National Bank of Thailand) Foreign trade and foreign trade have an important position in the national economy. In 2006, the foreign trade volume was US $ 254.2 billion, of which 128.2 billion US dollars were exported, and imports were US $ 126 billion, an increase of 17.4%and 7%, respectively. The United States, the European Union, Japan, ASEAN, etc. are important Thai trading partners.主要出口产品有：汽车及零配件、电脑及零配件、集成电路板、电器、初级塑料、化学制品、石化产品、珠宝首饰、成衣、鞋、橡胶、家具、海产品加工及罐头、大米、木薯Wait. In 2006, the exports of jewelry agricultural products, seafood, industrial products, and high -tech products increased by 30.3%, 13.5%, 16.4%, and 18%, respectively. The main import products are: electromechanical products and spare parts, industrial machinery, electronic industry parts, automotive parts, building materials, crude oil, papermaking machinery, steel, integrated circuit board, chemical products, computer equipment and parts, household appliances, jewelry, jewelry, jewelry, jewelry, jewelry Gold jewelry, metal products, feed, fruits and vegetables. In 2005, raw materials, automobiles and parts, and crude oil imports increased by 5.1%, 6.4%, and 17.6%, respectively. (Source: National Bank of Thailand) Investment in foreign investment is mainly invested in the United States, ASEAN, Mainland China and Taiwan. Thailand's investment in China has developed a lot in recent years. According to incomplete statistics, as of the end of 2006, I approved a total of US $ 2.97 billion in actual investment. The main companies invested in China are: Zhengda Group, Siamese Machinery Group, Pangu Bank, etc. Foreign investment has implemented an open market economy policy since 1961, and has adopted a series of preferential policies to encourage foreign investors to invest in Thailand. From 1987 to 1990, it was a peak of foreign investment in foreign countries. In 1997, Thailand suffered a serious financial crisis, and foreign investment dropped sharply. Since then, the Thai government has increased investment, continuously strengthened infrastructure construction, improved legislation, and created a good environment to attract foreign investment. According to preliminary statistics, the net direct investment in Thailand in 2006 was 307.7 billion baht (about 9.45 billion U.S. dollars). According to statistics from the Thai Investment Promotion Committee (BOI), from 1993 to 2006, according to the investment in Thailand, the top 5 are: Japan, the European Union, the United States, Taiwan, Hong Kong, China. The main investment areas are metal processing and machinery manufacturing. In the 1980s and 1990s of the people's life income, the people's life revenue continued to grow rapidly, and the people's living standards increased accordingly. The minimum wages and salary of workers were raised many times. Resident education, health, and social welfare continued to improve. After the financial crisis in 1997, the per capita national income fell. The economy gradually recovered in 1999, and the people's living standards increased again. In 2006, the per capita national product was 11,7362 baht (about $ 3094). The festival in the festival has the Songgan Festival, also known as the Songkui Festival (April 13-15, the largest festival in Thailand is the New Year of the Thailand, and the large-scale splashing water splashing activities will be started on the 15th). It is favored by tourists), Chiang Mai Flower Festival (February 4-6 on February 4-6), Wanfo Festival (March 15th), release festival (February), Elephant Festival (elephant festival (Elephant festival (February) In the third weekend of November, the northeast small town vegetarian), the water lantern festival (December 15th, the young men and women talk about love festivals) Farming Festival: It is an important festival in Thailand. Wangjia Tian Square next to Bangkok's Palace was held. The farming festival ceremony began in the 13th century's Su Ketai dynasty. Ghost Festival: The Ghost Festival in Thailand is held in Lifu every year in mid -June. It is very valued by the local people. It mainly prays to the wind and the wind is smooth. Edit this paragraph of military in the middle of the 19th century imitated the establishment of land and navy in the West, and the Air Force in 1915. The Constitution stipulates that the king Thai soldiers are the highest commanders of the armed forces. The National Security Council is the highest national defense decision -making agency, belonging to the cabinet, and the prime minister as chairman. The Ministry of National Defense is the highest military administrative organ and is responsible for formulating and implementing national defense policies and plans. The National Defense Commission is the highest national defense consulting agency, which is affiliated to the Ministry of National Defense and the Minister of Defense as chairman. The Supreme Command is the Supreme Command of the Army, and there are three military commands of the land, sea, and air, and directly command and coordinate the three armies. Currently the highest commander of the armed forces Gen.BoonsRang. Army Commander GEN.SONTHI. General Adm.satirapan Keyaono. Commander of the Air Force, General ACM.Chalit PUKPASUK. Police Acting Commander, the Police Police Pol.Gen. The compulsory military service system is implemented, and the service period is two years. The total strength of the three armies was about 370,000, and 50,000 were reserve. Among them, there are 243,000 arms, divided into four military regions, under the jurisdiction of 7 infantry divisions, 2 armored divisions, 2 special war divisions, 2 artillery divisions, including a total of 18 divisions. Team), compiled as a combat fleet, 1 Marine Corps Command, 5 Naval Bases, with the only helicopter aircraft carrier in Southeast Asia; 47,100 Air Force, compiled into 4 aircraft divisions, 11 flight brigades; Four infantry divisions. There are also 187,000 policemen. Edit this paragraph of cultural education and education implements a 9 -year compulsory education. Education in primary and secondary schools is 12 years, that is, 6 years of elementary school, 3 years in junior high school, and 3 years in high school. The secondary college vocational school is 3 years, universities are generally 4 years, and medical universities are 5 years. Famous colleges and universities include: Julalonggong University, Faqi University, Agricultural University, Chiang Mai University, Kongjing University, Song Kanacine University, Maricin University, Shinakarine Wwelo University, Yisancang University University , Boren University and Asian Institute of Technology. In addition, there are open universities such as Langganheng University and Su Ketai University. The development of Thai education can be divided into three historical periods: ① 1253 ~ 1868, for the absolute rule of Buddhist temple education. ② From 1868 to 1932, it was a period of spreading the western bourgeois education. ③ From 1932 to early 1980s. In 1932, a bourgeois democratic revolution occurred in Thailand, and a series of educational reforms were implemented, and education entered a new period of development.