jewelry holders wholesale The development process of the Hong Kong Stock Exchange

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    I Hong Kong's securities transactions have a long history. As early as the opening of Hong Kong's port in the 19th century, the earliest securities transactions in Hong Kong can be traced back to 1866. Hong Kong's first stock exchange, the Hong Kong Stock Broker Association, was established in 1891.
    In 1914, it was renamed the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. In 1921, Hong Kong established the second stock exchange-Hong Kong Stock Agent Association.
    In 1947, the two exchanges were merged into Hong Kong Stock Exchange Co., Ltd. By the late 1960s, the original exchange of Hong Kong could not meet the needs of the prosperity and development of the stock market.
    1969 successively established the three securities exchanges of Yuandong, Gold and Silver, and Kowloon. The so -called "Four Age". The four former exchanges and founding time of Hong Kong: The Hong Kong Stock Exchange was founded in 1947, and the Far East Stock Exchange was founded on December 17, 1969. The Gold and Silver Securities Exchange was founded on September 15, 1971, and the Kowloon Stock Exchange was founded in 1972.
    The Hong Kong Stock Exchange was mainly managed by the British, and listed companies were mostly British -funded companies. At the end of the 1960s, Hong Kong's economy took off, and the demand for listed fundraising to fundraising was increasing, prompting more exchanges with China -owned capital ownership and management. Founded.
    1973-1974 stock market storms fully exposed the various disadvantages caused by the Hong Kong Securities Market Four Meeting.
    In 1980, Hong Kong Joint Trading Co., Ltd. was registered and established.
    On March 27, 1986, the four exchanges formally merged to form a joint Hong Kong joint exchange.
    On April 2, 1986, the Stock Exchange opened, and began to enjoy the special rights to operate and maintain the securities market in Hong Kong. The joint exchanges began to operate and became the only stock exchange in Hong Kong, and the Hong Kong securities market has entered a new era. The Stock Exchange Trading Hall is located in the Hong Kong Trading Plaza, using a computer -aided trading system for securities trading.
    On September 22, 1986, the Stock Exchange was accepted as the official member of the International Stock Exchange Federation.
    1998 Asian financial storms, the Hong Kong securities market is becoming mature.
    In 1999, the then director of the Financial Secretary Zeng Yinquan announced a comprehensive reform of the Hong Kong securities and futures markets to improve the competitiveness of Hong Kong and the challenges brought by the market globalization. It is recommended that Hong Kong Joint Exchange Co., Ltd. (Stock Exchange) and Hong Kong Futures Exchange Co., Ltd. (Futures Stock Exchange) shall be shaped and merged with Hong Kong Central Settlement Co., Ltd. (Hong Kong Settlement). The limited company had a total of 570 member companies at the time.
    On March 6, 2000, all limited companies in Hong Kong trading and settlement were established. The wholly -owned ownership of Hong Kong United Exchange Co., Ltd., Hong Kong Futures Exchange Co., Ltd. and Hong Kong Central Settlement Co., Ltd. The three institutions have completed the merger.
    On June 27, 2000, the Hong Kong Exchange (HKEX: 00388) was listed on the Stock Exchange in the form of an introduction.
    . As of the first quarter of 2007, the total asset value of the Hong Kong Exchange was HK $ 43.5 billion, the net asset value was HK $ 6.2 billion, and the net profit was 93%year -on -year, with a daily turnover of HK $ 52.9 billion.
    As of September 11, 2007, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government is a single largest shareholder of the Hong Kong Stock Exchange and holds 5.88%of the shares. Followed by Morgan Chase: 5.54%, Citi Bank: 4.13%, Asset: 2.30%.
    As of December 31, 2008, there were 465 companies in Hong Kong in Hong Kong, accounting for 37%of the total number of listed companies, with a market value of about 61 billion Hong Kong dollars, accounting for about 60%of the total market value. From 1993 to the end of 2008, mainland companies raised funds in Hong Kong more than HK $ 12 trillion.
    On August 11, 2011, the Hong Kong Stock Exchange issued the "Discovery" website of the information of listed companies. It was hacked in the morning and could not display messages. Including 7 shares and 1 bond, it was forced to suspend trading in the afternoon. The Hong Kong Stock Exchange has called the incident.
    In October 2011, the Brazilian Securities Futures Exchange, Russia's Moscow's interbank foreign exchange exchange, India and Mumbai Stock Exchange, Hong Kong transaction and settlement company, and South Africa Johannesburg Stock Exchange held at the International Stock Exchange in South Africa The meeting announced the establishment of the BRICS Exchange Alliance.
    On October 21, 2011, the Hong Kong Exchange officially signed an agreement with Zhongguancun to promote overseas listing as a strategic memorandum.
    On April 1, 2012, it became the first exchange approved to set up a "database" in Shanghai in the Mainland. In the future, it can directly provide the fastest and fastest Hong Kong stock quotation for the mainland market.
    On June 15, 2012, the London Metal Exchange was successfully acquired for £ 1.388 billion.
    On September 26, 2012, the joint venture company "China Securities Trading Service Co., Ltd." was established with the Shanghai -Shenzhen Exchange. It plans to launch a new cross -border index series at the end of 2012 and launch relevant index products in the first quarter of 2013.
    In November 29, 2012, all limited companies in Hong Kong trading and settlement announced that the British Financial Services Regulatory Authority (FSA) has approved the Hong Kong Exchange to obtain control of the London Metal Exchange (LME).
    During September and October 2013, the Hong Kong Stock Exchange also held a half -day seminar for a consecutive game. On November 13, 2013, the Hong Kong Stock Exchange announced that it had donated 300,000 yuan (Hong Kong dollars) to the Hong Kong Red Cross to support the disaster relief work of Typhoon "Haiyan".
    2014 Hong Kong Jiaotong and Clearance Institute will be announced, and RMB currency futures transactions will be launched on April 7th. Li Xiaoga, Chief Executive Officer of the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, said that the two -way fluctuation of the RMB exchange rate will become the norm and will prepare for the interconnection of the mainland and the Hong Kong stock market.
    In the latest arrangements, the Hong Kong Stock Exchange will be applied to RMB currency futures transactions from 5 pm to 11 pm every day to 11 pm. The upper and lower waves are limited to 3%of the final transaction price during the day trading period during each contract month. If there is no transaction during the contract month during the contract, the settlement price of the previous day will be used as the reference price.
    It, the Hong Kong Stock Exchange launched the contract month for the fourth quarter month for the RMB futures contract from the same day, increasing the contract month to 8, and the contract period is up to 16 months. The Hong Kong Stock Exchange is evaluating the feasibility of extending the transaction period of the post -marketing period to midnight, and it is expected to have a longer overlap with the US market.

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